Wiki — Library · riskatlas.com.au

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1Life Insurance Limited Life insurer Direct retail life.
3Sixty Life Insurance Limited Life insurer Writer

A

Abacus Insurance Limited Life insurer Writer
Abilify (aripiprazole) Clinical atlas — medicine aripiprazole · Antipsychotic
ABSA Insurance & Financial Advisers (Pty) Ltd Life insurer Writer
ABSA Life Limited Life insurer Bank-distributed life and IP.
ABSTUDY Social Security Compass Study assistance for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students and apprentices. Living Allowance rates follow age, independence, and whether you have children. Extra incidentals, school fees and relocation amounts may apply.
Access-request assistant Module Draft employer/insurer letters
Acsis Limited Life insurer Writer
Actively at Work Needs definition Referenced on the site but not yet given its own library article.
Activities of daily living Needs definition Referenced on the site but not yet given its own library article.
Activities of daily living (ADL) Language map Basic self-care and home tasks — dressing, bathing, cooking, mobility.
Acute stress reaction Clinical atlas — condition F43.0 · Mental health
Addison disease Clinical atlas — condition E27.1 · Metabolic
Adjustment disorder with anxiety Clinical atlas — condition F43.22 · Mental health
Adjustment disorder with depressed mood Clinical atlas — condition F43.21 · Mental health
AFCA Approach — ICA s 47 — Section 47: awareness of a pre-existing condition, not the diagnosis label Ombud precedent If, before the contract, the consumer was not aware of the condition and a reasonable person in those circumstances could not be expected to have been aware of it, s 47 stops the exclusion. Awareness sits between a stray symptom and a stamped diagnosis: consultations, investigations, and contemporaneous GP notes carry the weight. Later recollection that ‘it was nothing’ is often discounted. Awareness of the condition at any time before entry defeats s 47, even if the person reasonably believed they no longer had it.
AFCA Approach — life insurance non-disclosure — Non-disclosure remedies are not a substitute pre-existing clause Ombud precedent A s 29(6) variation must put the insurer in the position a reasonable and prudent insurer would have been in at entry. AFCA may narrow or strip a retrospective exclusion that other prudent insurers would not have applied. Declining the claim and varying the contract are two decisions; each needs its own proof. An exclusion that does not cover the claimed condition does not save a bad variation.
AFCA dispute process Dispute hub Australian Financial Complaints Authority — IDR then AFCA for life insurance and insurance in super.
AFCA published IP determinations — Total and partial are separate benefits — AFCA applies the PDS as written Ombud precedent AFCA does not grade medical severity as ‘total’ or ‘partial’. It asks which definition the person met in each month: hours actually worked, important income-producing duties, and earnings against pre-disability income. Working more than the hours threshold usually takes the file out of total and into partial — if the earnings drop and duty test are also met. Not working, but still able to do the important duties, fails total. A graded return is often residual, not recovery and not a failed total claim. Where the PDS deems a ≤10-hour week to be a 100% loss, AFCA applies that deeming.
Affinity Life Limited Life insurer Writer
Age Pension Social Security Compass Means-tested pension for people who have reached Age Pension age. Maximum rate includes Pension Supplement and Energy Supplement.
Agoraphobia Clinical atlas — condition F40.0 · Mental health
AIA Australia Life insurer Large retail and group IP / TPD writer. Holds some CommInsure legacy books.
AIG Life South Africa Limited Life insurer Writer
Alcohol use disorder Clinical atlas — condition F10.20 · Substance
Alexander Forbes Investments Limited Life insurer Writer
Alexander Forbes Life Limited Life insurer Writer
Allan Gray Life Limited Life insurer Linked-investment life company.
Allianz Australia Life Life insurer Retail life alongside general insurance.
Amitriptyline Clinical atlas — medicine amitriptyline · Tricyclic antidepressant
Amlodipine Clinical atlas — medicine amlodipine · Antihypertensive
AMP Life Life insurer In-force book with Resolution Life Australasia.
Anaemia, unspecified Clinical atlas — condition D64.9 · Haematology
Ankylosing spondylitis Clinical atlas — condition M45 · Pain & MSK
Antabuse (disulfiram) Clinical atlas — medicine disulfiram · Substance use
Appeal-story trap Policy trap Internal review and ombud processes reward issue-by-issue responses — policy clause, insurer fact, your evidence, cure action, remedy sought. Unstructured anger or long personal essays rarely shift technical declinatures.
Arcoxia (etoricoxib) Clinical atlas — medicine etoricoxib · NSAID
Aspirin Clinical atlas — medicine aspirin · Antiplatelet
Assessment Claim workflow Insurer applies the policy test to the file they hold.
Assupol Life Limited Life insurer Retail life, often entry-level and group.
Asteron Life Life insurer Suncorp life brand; in-force book with TAL.
Asthma Clinical atlas — condition J45.9 · Respiratory
Ativan (lorazepam) Clinical atlas — medicine lorazepam · Benzodiazepine
Atorvastatin Clinical atlas — medicine atorvastatin · Statin
Atrial fibrillation Clinical atlas — condition I48.9 · Cardiovascular
Attenta (methylphenidate) Clinical atlas — medicine methylphenidate · ADHD
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Clinical atlas — condition F90.9 · Mental health
Australia — PDS exclusion, s 47 awareness, and disclosure Ombud guidance Three different tools: the PDS pre-existing wording, Insurance Contracts Act s 47 (awareness), and non-disclosure / misrepresentation remedies.
Australia — total vs partial as two PDS benefits Ombud guidance AFCA applies hours, important duties, and the residual formula in the PDS. Medical severity is not the scale.
Australian Unity Life Life insurer Friendly-society / advice retail life.
Austudy Social Security Compass Income support for eligible students and Australian Apprentices aged 25 or over. Rate depends on whether you have dependent children and on long-term income-support status.
Autism spectrum disorder Clinical atlas — condition F84.0 · Mental health
AVBOB Mutual Assurance Society Life insurer Mutual; funeral and life.

B

Benign neoplasm, unspecified Clinical atlas — condition D36.9 · Oncology
Bidvest Life Limited Life insurer Writer
Bipolar affective disorder Clinical atlas — condition F31.9 · Mental health
Bipolar disorder, current episode depressed Clinical atlas — condition F31.3 · Mental health
Breast cancer Clinical atlas — condition C50.9 · Oncology
BrightRock Life Limited Life insurer Needs-matched retail life and IP.
Bronchiectasis Clinical atlas — condition J47 · Respiratory
Brufen (ibuprofen) Clinical atlas — medicine ibuprofen · NSAID
BT Life Life insurer Westpac / BT distributed life cover.
Burnout / exhaustion disorder (working diagnosis) Clinical atlas — condition Z73.0 · Mental health

C

Campral (acamprosate) Clinical atlas — medicine acamprosate · Substance use
Capacity (unaided) Needs definition Referenced on the site but not yet given its own library article.
Capacity (unaided) vs Performance (with treatment) Confusion pair Income-protection policies usually assess treated performance. Discrimination statutes often look at the unmitigated baseline. Mixing those axes is the mitigated-state trap.
Capacity vs performance Glossary WHO-ICF: capacity is what you can do unaided in a standard setting; performance is what you actually do with treatment, aids, and environment.
Cardiomyopathy Clinical atlas — condition I42.9 · Cardiovascular
Care Dependency Grant Social Security Compass For a caregiver of a child with a severe disability who needs full-time care.
Carer Allowance Social Security Compass Supplementary payment for daily care. Not an income-support pension. Income test (high threshold), no assets test. Can be paid with Carer Payment.
Carer Payment Social Security Compass Income-support pension for people who cannot work because they provide constant care. Paid at the pension rate. Income and assets tested.
Carpal tunnel syndrome Clinical atlas — condition G56.0 · Pain & MSK
CBD oil (prescribed) Clinical atlas — medicine cannabidiol · Other
Celebrex (celecoxib) Clinical atlas — medicine celecoxib · NSAID
Centriq Life Insurance Company Limited Life insurer Writer
Cervical disc disorder with radiculopathy Clinical atlas — condition M50.1 · Pain & MSK
Cervicalgia (neck pain) Clinical atlas — condition M54.2 · Pain & MSK
Challenger Life Life insurer Annuities and related life company.
Child Care Subsidy Social Security Compass Subsidy paid to approved child care services. The percentage and hourly cap depend on family income, hours of recognised activity, and the service type.
Child Support Grant Social Security Compass Monthly amount per child under 18 for a primary caregiver who passes the means test. A top-up exists for orphans in kinship care.
Chronic fatigue syndrome / ME Clinical atlas — condition G93.3 · Other
Chronic kidney disease Clinical atlas — condition N18.9 · Renal
Chronic pain syndrome Clinical atlas — condition G89.4 · Pain & MSK
Cilift (citalopram) Clinical atlas — medicine citalopram · SSRI antidepressant
Cipralex (escitalopram) Clinical atlas — medicine escitalopram · SSRI antidepressant
Claim-pack generator Module Numbered Markdown pack
Claim-process knowledge gap Evidence gap Income-protection claims run on a ladder of different thresholds — notice, forms, complete submission, Date of Absence, waiting period, Initial Period, Extended Period, and complaint deadlines are not interchangeable. Claimants are rarely told which rung they are on until something goes wrong.
ClearView Life Life insurer Retail advice-led life and IP.
Clientele Life Assurance Co Ltd Life insurer Direct retail life.
Codeine phosphate Clinical atlas — medicine codeine · Opioid analgesic
COIDA — temporary disablement Social Security Compass No-fault statutory compensation for occupational injury or disease. Temporary total disablement is 75% of earnings, after a three-day waiting period.
CommInsure Life insurer CBA life brand; in-force book largely with AIA Australia.
Concerta (methylphenidate ER) Clinical atlas — medicine methylphenidate · ADHD
Concussion Clinical atlas — condition S06.0 · Injury
Condition Language map Neutral umbrella for any diagnosed or reported health issue.
Constantia Life Limited Life insurer Writer
COPD Clinical atlas — condition J44.9 · Respiratory
Coronary artery disease Clinical atlas — condition I25.10 · Cardiovascular
Cover & eligibility Policy scan Highlighted in uploaded policy wording (Parties & key dates).
Cover start Language map · Glossary When your group income protection membership or benefit cover began.
COVID-19, unspecified Clinical atlas — condition U07.1 · Infectious
CR259 — Total under own occupation — employing others to do the labour Ombud precedent Keeping a business alive by substituting other people’s labour is not performing the insured occupation. On the policy definition he was totally and permanently incapacitated. (A separate occupation-change notification clause still mattered for prejudice.)
CR276 — Partial permanent incapacity — residual other work is not the insured occupation Ombud precedent The sheriff work was not the professional duties he trained for as an attorney, was not full-time, and was only residual income. He could not carry out attorney duties with regularity; a limited, low-stress remnant might remain. Impact was significant but assessed at 20% partial, not a nil claim and not a 50% scaling on the gastroenterologist’s suggestion alone.
CR351 — Pre-existing exclusion — proximate cause, not every historic diagnosis Ombud precedent The exclusion turns on whether the pre-existing condition caused the claim event, not on whether any old diagnosis exists. Medical evidence at cancer diagnosis recorded no cardiac involvement. Historic disease in the background is not automatically ‘directly or indirectly’ the cause.
CR356 — Two-limb pre-existing exclusion — look-back and first twelve months Ombud precedent Typical South African group wording is conjunctive. The insurer needed (a) knowledge, diagnosis, treatment or symptoms of the claiming condition in the six months before entry, AND (b) disablement in the first twelve months after entry. Limb (a) was met; limb (b) was not. Symptoms in the look-back do not keep the exclusion alive once disablement falls outside the first year.
CR403 — Pre-existing condition clause — onus and look-back proof Ombud precedent The insurer must prove, on a balance of probabilities, both that the look-back condition existed in the contractual window and that it caused the disablement. A historic injury and a broad ‘chronic since 2003’ sentence are not enough. First consultation in the file was 8 March 2017; a June 2016 heavy-vehicle medical had given a clean bill of health; the leg weakness the insurer relied on started in 2017, after cover.
CR72 — Total disability — part-time capacity is not automatically ‘not total’ Ombud precedent The useful question is whether, in normal times and most places, an employer would consider the person capable of playing a worthwhile part in the business — performing the substantial and material clerical duties with reasonable regularity and continuity — and would pay more than a nominal gain. Part-time leftovers are not, by themselves, the occupation.
Crohn disease Clinical atlas — condition K50.90 · GI
Cymbalta (duloxetine) Clinical atlas — medicine duloxetine · SNRI antidepressant

D

Date of Absence Language map · Glossary · Policy scan The date incapacity began for policy purposes — often when material duties stopped, not first symptoms.
Date of Absence Rejection ground Request insurer DOA calculation notes; compare employer date, certificate date, and insurer-stated DOA.
Date of Absence recorded (user + insurer if known) Glossary Date of Absence (DOA) is the anchor for waiting-period satisfaction and benefit start. Record the date you stopped performing material duties, note the insurer's stated DOA if known, and flag conflicts early — DOA disputes are a frequent declinature route.
Date trap Policy trap Each date triggers different policy effects — waiting-period satisfaction, late-notice declinature, pre-existing look-back, and rejection timelines. Mixing them in one narrative gives insurers an easy administrative escape.
Diabetes insipidus Clinical atlas — condition E23.2 · Metabolic
Diagnosis Language map The medical label a doctor assigns — a name for what they think you have.
Diagnosis trap Policy trap Insurers may accept your ICD-10 code or specialist diagnosis but still dispute incapacity. The policy test is whether symptoms prevent the material duties of your own occupation — not whether a condition name sounds severe on paper.
Diagnosis vs Disability Confusion pair A serious diagnosis does not automatically win; a modest diagnosis can still support disability if duties are impossible.
Disability Language map · Glossary Policy-defined inability to meet the insured disability test — not a medical opinion.
Disability Disability / incapacity A physical/mental condition limiting activities; lack of ability; a handicap preventing normal life or work.
Disability Disability / incapacity A biological defect, pathology, or bodily system failure requiring treatment/cure.
Disability Disability / incapacity Disadvantage imposed by societal barriers excluding people with impairments.
Disability Disability / incapacity Umbrella term for impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions.
Disability Disability / incapacity Impairment substantially limiting one or more major life activities; or a record of, or being regarded as having, such an impairment.
Disability Disability / incapacity Physical/mental impairment with a substantial, long-term negative effect on normal daily activities.
Disability Disability / incapacity Total/partial loss of bodily/mental functions; loss of a body part; presence of disease organisms in the body.
Disability Disability / incapacity Long-term or recurring physical or mental impairment that substantially limits prospects of entry into, or advancement in, employment.
Disability Disability / incapacity Inability to perform the material and substantial duties of one's own occupation (or, later, any occupation for which reasonably suited), triggering income-replacement benefits.
Disability Disability / incapacity Physical or mental incapacity of a member which is likely to prevent them from following their normal occupation (or a comparable one) for a period exceeding a fund-specified minimum.
Disability Disability / incapacity Long-term impairments interacting with barriers that hinder full/equal participation.
Disability Disability / incapacity Inability to work, triggering income-replacement benefits.
Disability Disability / incapacity Inability to engage in "Substantial Gainful Activity" (SGA) due to a medically determinable impairment.
Disability Disability / incapacity (See Biopsychosocial and Social model entries above)
Disability (policy) Needs definition Referenced on the site but not yet given its own library article.
Disability / Disablement Disability / incapacity Permanent or temporary reduction in earning capacity resulting from an occupational injury or disease.
Disability Grant Social Security Compass Monthly social assistance for people aged 18–59 whose disability is assessed as lasting six months or more. Not a private disability policy.
Disability Support Pension Social Security Compass Pension for people with a permanent disability that attracts 20 points under the Impairment Tables and prevents working 15 hours a week in the next two years, subject to means tests. Adult rate matches the Age Pension.
Disablement Glossary The process or state of becoming unable to function as before — in COIDA and some funds a rated percentage; in everyday talk a gradual collapse of capacity.
Disablement Disability / incapacity The state or process of being disabled; the act of making a person or device inoperative.
Disablement Disability / incapacity The pathological outcome of injury/disease.
Disablement Disability / incapacity The active process of being marginalized by societal structures.
Disablement Disability / incapacity (Police/employment law) Being blind, deaf, or permanently handicapped.
Disablement Disability / incapacity (Not a defined statutory term)
Disablement Disability / incapacity (Not a separately defined statutory term; "disability" is the operative term)
Disablement Disability / incapacity (Not used)
Disablement Disability / incapacity The specific event/claim triggering a payout.
Disablement Disability / incapacity (Not a separate term)
Disablement Disability / incapacity A metric of functional capacity loss; the process of exclusion.
Discovery Life Limited Life insurer Large retail and group IP writer.
Document vault Module Inbox / classify / store
Dorsalgia, unspecified Clinical atlas — condition M54.9 · Pain & MSK
Dotsure Life Limited Life insurer Writer
Dysthymic disorder / persistent depressive disorder Clinical atlas — condition F34.1 · Mental health

E

Eating disorder, unspecified Clinical atlas — condition F50.9 · Mental health
Efexor (venlafaxine) Clinical atlas — medicine venlafaxine · SNRI antidepressant
Elavil (amitriptyline) Clinical atlas — medicine amitriptyline · Tricyclic antidepressant
Eliquis (apixaban) Clinical atlas — medicine apixaban · Anticoagulant
Eltroxin (levothyroxine) Clinical atlas — medicine levothyroxine · Thyroid
Emerald Life (Pty) Ltd Life insurer Writer
Employer-record trap Policy trap Insurers often rely on employer-controlled records for DOA, attendance patterns, and role confirmation. If those records were never requested or are incomplete, adverse findings may rest on silence.
Employer/insurer record requests planned if needed Glossary Many decisive records — payroll, absence registers, claim-file notes, policy schedules — are controlled by employers or insurers. At rejection or review stages, readiness means record-access requests are planned or underway when gaps are not yours to fill alone.
Employment start Needs definition Referenced on the site but not yet given its own library article.
Enalapril Clinical atlas — medicine enalapril · ACE inhibitor
Endometriosis Clinical atlas — condition N80.9 · Gynaecology
Epilepsy, unspecified Clinical atlas — condition G40.9 · Neurological
Epilim (sodium valproate) Clinical atlas — medicine valproate · Mood stabiliser
Euthyrox (levothyroxine) Clinical atlas — medicine levothyroxine · Thyroid
Evidence-gap detector Module Missing items + holders
Exclusions Policy scan Highlighted in uploaded policy wording (Notes).
Exploring AFCA’s Dispute Resolution Process News IDR under RG 271, then AFCA: registration and referral, case management, conciliation, preliminary assessment, and determination — with the super vs retail split for income protection and TPD.
Exploring the National Financial Ombud Scheme's Dispute Resolution Process News Structure, jurisdiction, seven-step process, disability-claim practice, timelines, limitations, and practical tips for a strong NFO complaint — with links to the full process guide.

F

Family Tax Benefit Part A Social Security Compass Per-child family payment. Rate depends on the child’s age and family income. An end-of-year supplement may apply.
Family Tax Benefit Part B Social Security Compass Per-family payment for single parents and some couples with one main income, based on the age of the youngest child.
Farm Household Allowance Social Security Compass Time-limited income support for eligible farmers and their partners who are experiencing financial hardship. Rates follow JobSeeker / Youth Allowance settings.
Fedgroup Life Limited Life insurer Writer
Ferrous sulphate (iron) Clinical atlas — medicine iron · Supplement
Fibromyalgia Clinical atlas — condition M79.7 · Pain & MSK
First notice date and proof identified Glossary Policies set notice time limits from first incapacity or first absence. Readiness means you know the date notice was given, can point to proof (email, claim form, HR ticket, call reference), and understand how that date relates to DOA and late-notice clauses.
FirstRand Life Assurance Limited Life insurer FNB / FirstRand life company.
Five Essential Principles for Life Insurance Disability and Income Protection Claimants in South Africa News Policy definitions, causation, materiality, and fair process — five practical principles aligned with NFO Life Insurance Division practice and the Policyholder Protection Rules.
Foster Child Grant Social Security Compass Paid to a foster parent with a court order. Not means-tested in the same way as Child Support.
Fracture, unspecified Clinical atlas — condition T14.2 · Injury
Functional capacity Language map What you can and cannot do in real life — especially material work duties.
Functional capacity vs Activities of daily living Confusion pair IP own-occupation claims usually need work-function proof, not only ADL.
Functional evidence gap Evidence gap Medical records describe what is wrong with the body; disability policies ask whether you can perform material duties. That translation gap is where many technically 'good' files still fail.
Functional limitation Language map A specific barrier — X symptom stops Y duty, with severity and frequency.
Functional-capacity builder Module Symptom → duty matrix

G

Gabapentin (generic) Clinical atlas — medicine gabapentin · Neuropathic pain
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) Clinical atlas — condition K21.9 · GI
General Reinsurance Life Australia Life insurer Life reinsurance (Gen Re).
Generalised anxiety disorder Clinical atlas — condition F41.1 · Mental health
Glaucoma Clinical atlas — condition H40.9 · Ophthalmology
Glucophage (metformin) Clinical atlas — medicine metformin · Diabetes
Grant-in-Aid Social Security Compass Add-on for someone already on Older Persons, Disability or War Veterans grant who needs regular care.
Gross-benefit trap Policy trap Headline replacement ratios ignore offsets for other income, pension contributions, medical aid, UIF, tax treatment, and payment route. Net entitlement can differ materially from the quoted percentage.
Guardrisk Life Limited Life insurer Cell-captive / group life structures.
Guided intake Module Profile fields the compiler did not extract

H

Haemophilia Clinical atlas — condition D66 · Haematology
Hallmark Life Life insurer Consumer credit and related life cover.
Hannover Life Re of Australasia Life insurer Life reinsurance — not a retail claim brand.
HCF Life Life insurer Life cover associated with HCF membership.
Heart failure Clinical atlas — condition I50.9 · Cardiovascular
HIV disease Clinical atlas — condition B24 · Infectious
Hollard Life Assurance Company Limited Life insurer Retail and group life.
Hollard Specialist Insurance Limited Life insurer Writer
Hospital Needs definition Referenced on the site but not yet given its own library article.
Hospital admission Policy scan Highlighted in uploaded policy wording (Health story).
How does illness affect work function? Glossary A diagnosis label does not prove incapacity — the policy test is work-function impact. Your doctor should connect symptoms and treatment effects to concrete limits: attendance reliability, sustained concentration, decision quality under pressure, physical stamina, treatment side-effects, travel tolerance, supervision capacity, and error or safety risk.
Hyperlipidaemia Clinical atlas — condition E78.5 · Metabolic
Hypertension Clinical atlas — condition I10 · Cardiovascular
Hyperthyroidism Clinical atlas — condition E05.9 · Metabolic
Hypothyroidism Clinical atlas — condition E03.9 · Metabolic

I

Illness Language map A health problem — usually disease or disorder, mental or physical, often ongoing.
Illness vs Incapacity Confusion pair You can be ill before policy incapacity begins — dates matter.
Illness, unspecified Clinical atlas — condition R69 · Other
Imigran (sumatriptan) Clinical atlas — medicine sumatriptan · Migraine acute
Imovane (zopiclone) Clinical atlas — medicine zopiclone · Sleep aid
Impairment Language map Medical loss or reduction of body or mind function — clinical, not occupational.
Impairment vs Disability (policy) Confusion pair Medical ratings and policy tests use different scales.
Incapacity Language map · Glossary Unable to work (or meet earnings) as defined by the policy — close cousin to disability.
Incapacity Disability / incapacity The state of lacking the physical, mental, or legal ability to do something.
Incapacity Disability / incapacity Functional inability to perform physical or cognitive tasks due to illness, injury, or impairment.
Incapacity Disability / incapacity Inability of an employee to perform their duties due to ill health or injury, which may (if the incapacity is permanent and no reasonable accommodation is possible) constitute a fair reason for dismissal.
Incapacity Disability / incapacity Inability of an employee to meet the required performance standard, distinct from ill health, which may justify dismissal if fair procedure (setting standards, training, guidance, evaluation, warning) has been followed.
Incapacity Disability / incapacity Inability of an employee to perform the inherent requirements of their role, relevant to unfair dismissal and workers' compensation claims.
Incapacity Disability / incapacity A broad umbrella concept spanning medical, legal, and functional inability, contrasted with "disability" (often more status/rights-based) and "incapacitation" (often the active process of losing capacity).
Incapacity for Work Disability / incapacity The insured's inability, due to illness or injury, to perform the material and substantial duties of their occupation (or, later in a claim, any occupation), triggering income-replacement benefits.
Income protection benefit Policy scan Highlighted in uploaded policy wording (Salary & deductions).
Inderal (propranolol) Clinical atlas — medicine propranolol · Beta-blocker / anxiety
Inflammatory bowel disease, unspecified Clinical atlas — condition K52.9 · GI
Injury Language map Harm from a specific event — accident, fall, surgery, assault, sport trauma.
Injury vs Illness Confusion pair Policies may treat causation, exclusions, and evidence differently.
Injury, unspecified Clinical atlas — condition T14.9 · Injury
Insomnia Clinical atlas — condition G47.0 · Sleep
Insufficient evidence Rejection ground Run evidence-gap detector; request specific records list from insurer and obtain employer-held files.
Insuranceline Life insurer Direct brand in the TAL group.
Integrity Life Life insurer Retail life and IP.
Internal review Claim workflow Issue-by-issue response with a cure plan.
Internal review / appeal rights Rejection ground Diary review and ombud deadlines; structure response as issue-by-issue matrix not narrative alone.
Intervertebral disc degeneration, lumbar Clinical atlas — condition M51.36 · Pain & MSK
Investec Life Limited Life insurer Private-client life company.
Iron deficiency anaemia Clinical atlas — condition D50.9 · Haematology
Irritable bowel syndrome Clinical atlas — condition K58.9 · GI

J

Job title Needs definition Referenced on the site but not yet given its own library article.
Job title vs Material duties Confusion pair Senior titles often hide cognitive, client, and safety demands.
Job-title trap Policy trap Insurers, IME assessors, and employers often reason from a generic job title instead of how the role actually runs — client load, deadlines, cognitive demand, site travel, supervision duties, and error risk. Own-occupation cover fails when the assessed role is narrowed to sedentary admin that is not your material duties.
JobSeeker Payment Social Security Compass Main working-age income support if you are unemployed or looking for work, including people with a partial capacity to work who do not qualify for DSP.
Just Retirement Life (South Africa) Limited Life insurer Writer

L

Lamictin (lamotrigine) Clinical atlas — medicine lamotrigine · Mood stabiliser
Language gap Evidence gap Rejection letters blend policy wording, medical-review jargon, and administrative shorthand. Without translation, claimants cannot tell which ground is decisive, what evidence would cure it, or which deadline applies.
Lexamil (escitalopram) Clinical atlas — medicine escitalopram · SSRI antidepressant
Liberty Group Limited Life insurer Retail and group; Stanlib / Standard Bank distribution.
Lithium carbonate Clinical atlas — medicine lithium · Mood stabiliser
Long COVID / post-COVID condition Clinical atlas — condition U09.9 · Infectious
Losartan Clinical atlas — medicine losartan · ARB
Lovan (fluoxetine) Clinical atlas — medicine fluoxetine · SSRI antidepressant
Low back pain Clinical atlas — condition M54.5 · Pain & MSK
Lumbar disc disorder with radiculopathy Clinical atlas — condition M51.1 · Pain & MSK
Lyrica (pregabalin) Clinical atlas — medicine pregabalin · Neuropathic pain / anxiety

M

Magnesium supplement Clinical atlas — medicine magnesium · Supplement
Major depressive disorder, moderate Clinical atlas — condition F32.1 · Mental health
Major depressive disorder, recurrent Clinical atlas — condition F33.9 · Mental health
Major depressive disorder, severe Clinical atlas — condition F32.2 · Mental health
Major depressive disorder, single episode Clinical atlas — condition F32.9 · Mental health
Malaise and fatigue Clinical atlas — condition R53 · Other
Malignant neoplasm, unspecified Clinical atlas — condition C80.1 · Oncology
Material duties Language map Core tasks that actually matter in your role — not incidental admin.
Material duties described (not job title only) Glossary Material duties are the substantive tasks that define whether you can perform your occupation. A title-only description invites the job-title trap. Readiness means core duties are written out so medical and functional evidence can map symptoms to real work demands.
Medical cannabis (prescribed) Clinical atlas — medicine cannabis · Other
Medicare Social Security Compass Australia’s public health insurance. It pays a benefit against the Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) for listed services. It is not a fortnightly cash payment, and it is not private health insurance.
Medikinet LA (methylphenidate LA) Clinical atlas — medicine methylphenidate · ADHD
Medrol (methylprednisolone) Clinical atlas — medicine methylprednisolone · Corticosteroid
Melatonin Clinical atlas — medicine melatonin · Sleep aid
Merritt Insurance Limited Life insurer Writer
Metformin Clinical atlas — medicine metformin · Diabetes
Methadone Clinical atlas — medicine methadone · Substance use
MetLife Australia Life insurer Often seen on group IP / TPD via super.
Metropolitan Life Limited Life insurer Momentum Metropolitan retail life brand.
Migraine with aura Clinical atlas — condition G43.1 · Neurological
Migraine without aura Clinical atlas — condition G43.0 · Neurological
Migraine, unspecified Clinical atlas — condition G43.9 · Neurological
Mirtaz (mirtazapine) Clinical atlas — medicine mirtazapine · Atypical antidepressant
Mitigated-state trap Policy trap WHO-ICF splits capacity (unaided, standard setting) from performance (with treatment, aids, and environment). South African income-protection wording typically assesses the treated/mitigated state and requires ongoing care. The ADA, UK Equality Act, and SA EEA Code often look at the unmitigated baseline for disability status. An assessor who treats 'stable on medication' as capacity for work is using the wrong axis for an IP test — and the opposite error (demanding unaided function on an IP claim) is equally wrong.
Mixed anxiety and depressive disorder Clinical atlas — condition F41.2 · Mental health
MLC Life Insurance Life insurer Retail and group. Book sits with Resolution Life Australasia.
MMI Group Limited Life insurer Momentum Metropolitan holding / group life.
Mobility Allowance Social Security Compass Help with travel costs if a disability, illness or impairment stops you using public transport without substantial assistance, and you are travelling for work, study or volunteering.
Multiple sclerosis Clinical atlas — condition G35 · Neurological
Munich Re of Australasia Life insurer Life reinsurance.
Myprodol Clinical atlas — medicine paracetamol + ibuprofen + codeine · Combination analgesic

N

Naltrexone Clinical atlas — medicine naltrexone · Substance use
Nedbank Life Assurance Company Limited Life insurer Bank-distributed life.
Nedgroup Life Assurance Limited Life insurer Writer
NEOS Life Life insurer Retail life and IP, often via advisers.
Nestlife Assurance Corporation Limited Life insurer Writer
Neurontin (gabapentin) Clinical atlas — medicine gabapentin · Neuropathic pain
New Era Life Insurance Company Limited Life insurer Writer
Newborn Supplement and Newborn Upfront Payment Social Security Compass Extra Family Tax Benefit Part A for a newborn or a child entering care. Paid over 13 weeks, with an upfront amount.
NFO dispute process Dispute hub National Financial Ombud Scheme — seven-step complaints route for life insurance and related disputes.
Ninety One Assurance Life Life insurer Writer
NobleOak Life Life insurer Direct / advice retail life and IP.
Non-disclosure / misrepresentation Rejection ground Request exact questions asked at application; compare to disclosed medical aid and employment records.
Not disabled / able to work Rejection ground Respond with duty-impact matrix — symptoms blocking material duties, not diagnosis label alone.
Notice Claim workflow · Rejection ground Employer and/or insurer notified. Not the same as a complete claim.
Notice & submission Policy scan Highlighted in uploaded policy wording (Key dates).
Nuzak (fluoxetine) Clinical atlas — medicine fluoxetine · SSRI antidepressant

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Obesity Clinical atlas — condition E66.9 · Metabolic
Obsessive-compulsive disorder Clinical atlas — condition F42.9 · Mental health
Occupation Needs definition Referenced on the site but not yet given its own library article.
Occupational therapy Clinical atlas — medicine occupational therapy · Non-drug treatment
Offsets & deductions Policy scan Highlighted in uploaded policy wording (Salary & deductions).
Old Mutual Alternative Solutions Limited Life insurer Writer
Old Mutual Life Assurance Company (SA) Limited Life insurer Retail and group life / IP / disability.
Older Persons Grant Social Security Compass Monthly social assistance for people aged 60 and over who pass the means test. Not a private pension.
Ombud / NFO Claim workflow Complaint route with its own deadline.
OnePath Life Life insurer Insignia Financial life company — retail and group.
Osteoarthritis, hip Clinical atlas — condition M16.9 · Pain & MSK
Osteoarthritis, knee Clinical atlas — condition M17.9 · Pain & MSK
OUTsurance Life Insurance Company (SA) Limited Life insurer Direct retail life.
Own occupation Language map · Glossary Policy test: cannot perform material duties of the job you actually do.
Own occupation / disability test Policy scan Highlighted in uploaded policy wording (Occupation).
Own-occupation / Initial Period test noted Glossary Own-occupation cover during the Initial Period tests incapacity against your actual insured occupation. Readiness means the policy test is identified, your occupation is described beyond a generic title, and you understand when the standard may shift to any-occupation in the Extended Period.
Own-occupation / material duties test Rejection ground Confirm policy test applied to actual duties; complete functional-capacity builder and employer role statement.

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Pacific Life Re Australia Life insurer Life reinsurance.
Panado (paracetamol) Clinical atlas — medicine paracetamol · Analgesic
Panic disorder Clinical atlas — condition F41.0 · Mental health
Parental Leave Pay Social Security Compass Taxable parental leave paid at the national minimum wage for a set number of days. Income limits apply. It is not Parenting Payment.
Parenting Payment Social Security Compass Income support for principal carers of young children. Single and partnered rates differ. Means tested.
Parkinson disease Clinical atlas — condition G20 · Neurological
Partial disability Needs definition Referenced on the site but not yet given its own library article.
Paxil (paroxetine) Clinical atlas — medicine paroxetine · SSRI antidepressant
Performance (with treatment) Needs definition Referenced on the site but not yet given its own library article.
Personality disorder, unspecified Clinical atlas — condition F60.9 · Mental health
Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme Social Security Compass Subsidised medicines list. You pay a co-payment; the Commonwealth pays the rest for listed items. Safety net reduces co-payments after a threshold.
Physiotherapy (prescribed) Clinical atlas — medicine physiotherapy · Non-drug treatment
Pneumonia Clinical atlas — condition J18.9 · Respiratory
Policy exclusion Rejection ground Match cited exclusion clause to policy wording; check schedule vs rejection language drift.
Policy reader Module Clause scan of uploaded wording
Policy-vs-guide trap Policy trap Marketing brochures, employer HR packs, and claim-form checklists are not the policy contract. When wording drifts, insurers may rely on the narrowest binding clause — especially on exclusions, waiting periods, and evidence duties.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome Clinical atlas — condition E28.2 · Gynaecology
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Clinical atlas — condition F43.10 · Mental health
Power gap Evidence gap Insurers and employers run claims repeatedly; most claimants face the process once while unwell. Administrative asymmetry shows up in template rejections, slow record access, and issue framing that assumes you already know the rules.
Pre-existing Needs definition Referenced on the site but not yet given its own library article.
Pre-existing condition Language map · Policy scan A policy exclusion with clocks and causation — not ‘anything a doctor ever wrote’. Look-back window, disablement window, and what actually caused duties to stop.
Pre-existing condition Rejection ground Separate baseline history from post-cover deterioration; gather cover-start proof and treating-doctor timeline.
Pre-existing condition vs Date of Absence Confusion pair A historic diagnosis is not the disablement date. Pulling Date of Absence back into the first twelve months can wrongly switch a pre-existing exclusion on; leaving it on the day duties actually stopped can switch the same clause off (NFO CR356).
Pre-existing trap Policy trap Insurers separate baseline conditions, look-back periods, treatment before cover, and post-inception deterioration. A historic label on a script does not automatically defeat cover if duties stopped after cover started for a worsening trajectory. South African group wording is often two-limb (look-back AND disablement in the first twelve months). Australian files split the PDS definition, Insurance Contracts Act s 47 awareness, and a separate non-disclosure remedy.
Prednisone Clinical atlas — medicine prednisone · Corticosteroid
Pregabalin (generic) Clinical atlas — medicine pregabalin · Neuropathic pain / anxiety
Pregnancy-related condition, unspecified Clinical atlas — condition O26.9 · Gynaecology
Professional Provident Society Insurance Company Limited Life insurer PPS — professional occupation IP and sickness cover.
Prognosis Language map Doctor's view of likely future course — recovery, stability, or deterioration.
Proof-of-claim checklist started Glossary Policies impose proof-of-claim duties: prescribed forms, medical evidence, employer statements, and supporting documents within time limits. Readiness means you have a claim reference or active checklist tracking what is submitted, outstanding, and who holds each item.
Propranolol Clinical atlas — medicine propranolol · Beta-blocker / anxiety
Prostate cancer Clinical atlas — condition C61 · Oncology
Prozac (fluoxetine) Clinical atlas — medicine fluoxetine · SSRI antidepressant
PSG Life Limited Life insurer Writer
Psychotherapy / CBT Clinical atlas — medicine psychotherapy · Non-drug treatment

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QInsure Life insurer Group life / TPD / IP inside Australian Retirement Trust (ex QSuper).

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Real People Assurance Company Limited Life insurer Writer
Record access Claim workflow PAIA/POPIA for files held by employer or insurer.
Record-control gap Evidence gap The records that decide your claim are often held by someone else — employer payroll, HR absence data, insurer claim-file notes, DOA worksheets, and medical-review memoranda may never reach you unless you request them.
Rejection Claim workflow Grounds stated — often dates, duties, or missing specialist evidence.
Rejection explainer Module Grounds from a rejection letter
Remeron (mirtazapine) Clinical atlas — medicine mirtazapine · Atypical antidepressant
Rent Assistance Social Security Compass Extra payment if you rent in the private market or community housing and already receive a qualifying income-support or family payment. Amount depends on rent paid and household type.
Resolution Life Australasia Life insurer Closed and in-force books including AMP Life and MLC Life.
Review & complaint route Policy scan Highlighted in uploaded policy wording (Key dates).
Review / ombud deadline tracked Glossary After rejection, internal review and ombud complaint routes have strict deadlines. Readiness means review and ombud dates are recorded, diarised, and linked to the grounds you will raise — not left to memory once the rejection letter arrives.
RGA Australia Life insurer Life reinsurance.
Rheumatoid arthritis Clinical atlas — condition M06.9 · Pain & MSK
Risperdal (risperidone) Clinical atlas — medicine risperidone · Antipsychotic
Ritalin (methylphenidate) Clinical atlas — medicine methylphenidate · ADHD
Ritalin LA (methylphenidate LA) Clinical atlas — medicine methylphenidate · ADHD
Rivotril (clonazepam) Clinical atlas — medicine clonazepam · Benzodiazepine
RMA Life Assurance Company Limited Life insurer Writer
Road Accident Fund Social Security Compass Statutory compensation for bodily injury caused by the driving of a motor vehicle in South Africa. Not a SASSA grant and not private motor insurance’s passenger liability in the same sense.
Rotator cuff syndrome Clinical atlas — condition M75.1 · Pain & MSK
Rubifen (methylphenidate) Clinical atlas — medicine methylphenidate · ADHD

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SA Home Loans Life Limited Life insurer Writer
Safrican Insurance Company Limited Life insurer Writer
Salbutamol inhaler Clinical atlas — medicine salbutamol · Bronchodilator
Sanlam Developing Markets Life insurer Writer
Sanlam Life Insurance Limited Life insurer Retail and group life / IP / disability.
Santam Structured Life Limited Life insurer Writer
Schizophrenia Clinical atlas — condition F20.9 · Mental health
Sciatica Clinical atlas — condition M54.3 · Pain & MSK
Seretide inhaler Clinical atlas — medicine fluticasone + salmeterol · Asthma / COPD
Serlife (sertraline) Clinical atlas — medicine sertraline · SSRI antidepressant
Seroquel (quetiapine) Clinical atlas — medicine quetiapine · Antipsychotic
Shield Life Limited Life insurer Writer
Shoulder impingement syndrome Clinical atlas — condition M75.4 · Pain & MSK
Sickness Language map Feeling unwell or off work for health reasons — often short and vague.
Sickness vs Incapacity Confusion pair HR may accept sickness while insurer disputes incapacity under policy.
Skin cancer (melanoma) Clinical atlas — condition C43.9 · Oncology
Sleep disorder, unspecified Clinical atlas — condition G47.9 · Sleep
Smart Life Insurance Company Limited Life insurer Writer
Social phobia / social anxiety disorder Clinical atlas — condition F40.1 · Mental health
Social Relief of Distress (SRD) Social Security Compass Temporary distress grant, still at R370. Extended in the 2026 Budget until 31 March 2027.
South Africa — how pre-existing exclusions usually work Ombud guidance Group IP in South Africa is often a two-limb, time-limited exclusion. The insurer carries the onus. Historic labels are not the test.
South Africa — total, partial, and leftover tasks Ombud guidance Own-occupation total is about material duties with continuity, not a medical grade. Partial is a different benefit (or a percentage of a lump sum), not a consolation prize for a failed total claim.
Special Benefit Social Security Compass Discretionary payment if you are in financial hardship and cannot get another income-support payment. The rate is generally aligned with JobSeeker or Youth Allowance.
Specialist evidence Policy scan Highlighted in uploaded policy wording (Health story).
Specialist-evidence trap Policy trap Insurers may reject for absent consultant reports or IME findings without a clear prior request ladder. The fairness of the rejection depends on notice, specificity, and whether occupational duties were correctly described to the assessor.
Specialist-level evidence Rejection ground Obtain specialist report addressing occupational incapacity; challenge IME if duties misstated.
Spinal stenosis, lumbar region Clinical atlas — condition M48.06 · Pain & MSK
Spondylosis, lumbar Clinical atlas — condition M47.816 · Pain & MSK
Sprain of lumbar spine Clinical atlas — condition S33.5 · Injury
St Andrew's Life Life insurer BOQ group life company.
Stilnox (zolpidem) Clinical atlas — medicine zolpidem · Sleep aid
Stilpane Clinical atlas — medicine paracetamol + codeine · Combination analgesic
Strattera (atomoxetine) Clinical atlas — medicine atomoxetine · ADHD
Stroke / cerebrovascular accident Clinical atlas — condition I63.9 · Cardiovascular
Suboxone (buprenorphine + naloxone) Clinical atlas — medicine buprenorphine · Substance use
Substance use disorder, unspecified Clinical atlas — condition F19.10 · Substance
Suitable occupation Needs definition Referenced on the site but not yet given its own library article.
Suncorp Life Life insurer Life book transferred to TAL.
Superannuation Guarantee Social Security Compass Mandatory occupational pension. Employers pay a Superannuation Guarantee percentage of ordinary-time earnings into a fund. It sits beside the Age Pension; it is not a Centrelink cash payment.
Swiss Re Life & Health Australia Life insurer Life reinsurance.
Symptom Language map What you experience — pain, fatigue, brain fog, panic, nausea, weakness.
Symptom onset Needs definition Referenced on the site but not yet given its own library article.
Symptom vs Functional limitation Confusion pair Insurers need the second. Symptoms are the raw material.
Symptoms begin Claim workflow Health changes; work still attempted or reduced.
Syncope and collapse Clinical atlas — condition R55 · Other
Systemic lupus erythematosus Clinical atlas — condition M32.9 · Pain & MSK

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TAL Life Life insurer Major group and retail writer. Holds Asteron / Suncorp Life books.
Temporary disability Needs definition Referenced on the site but not yet given its own library article.
Temporary/Permanent Incapacity Disability / incapacity Inability to work resulting from an occupational injury or disease, compensated under COIDA as temporary total, temporary partial, or permanent disablement.
Tennis elbow / lateral epicondylitis Clinical atlas — condition M77.1 · Pain & MSK
Thoracic back pain Clinical atlas — condition M54.6 · Pain & MSK
Threshold / standard shift Rejection ground Compare guide/form language to policy test; document any shift from submission standard to rejection standard.
Threshold-shift trap Policy trap Employers, guides, or claim forms may suggest a lower evidence threshold than the policy test applied later. Insurers sometimes shift from own-occupation to any-occupation reasoning without clear disclosure.
Timing gap Evidence gap A claim can feel 'started' when an employer accepts a sick note or HR forwards a form — then fail later when the insurer applies a stricter disability test, different Date of Absence, or a deadline you were never shown.
Topamax (topiramate) Clinical atlas — medicine topiramate · Migraine prophylaxis
Total disability Needs definition Referenced on the site but not yet given its own library article.
Total disability vs Partial disability Confusion pair These are policy doors, not medical grades. A serious diagnosis can sit in residual if two days of work continue. A driver who cannot drive can be total under own occupation even if a desk job exists.
Total vs partial disability Language map · Glossary Two policy doors, not two medical grades: total usually means you cannot perform the insured occupation; partial (residual) means some work continues and earnings or hours have dropped.
Tramadol Clinical atlas — medicine tramadol · Opioid analgesic
Tramal (tramadol) Clinical atlas — medicine tramadol · Opioid analgesic
Trepiline (amitriptyline) Clinical atlas — medicine amitriptyline · Tricyclic antidepressant
Trepiline (low-dose amitriptyline) Clinical atlas — medicine amitriptyline · Pain / sleep adjunct
Tuberculosis Clinical atlas — condition A15.9 · Infectious
Type 1 diabetes mellitus Clinical atlas — condition E10.9 · Metabolic
Type 2 diabetes mellitus Clinical atlas — condition E11.9 · Metabolic

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UIF — illness benefit Social Security Compass Contributory benefit when an employee cannot work because of illness and is receiving less than normal wages.
UIF — maternity benefit Social Security Compass Contributory maternity benefit, capped at 121 consecutive days.
UIF — unemployment benefit Social Security Compass Contributory social insurance for employees who lose work. Paid from credits built up while contributing. Ceiling on insurable earnings: R17,712 a month.
Ulcerative colitis Clinical atlas — condition K51.90 · GI
Urinary tract infection Clinical atlas — condition N39.0 · Renal

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Valium (diazepam) Clinical atlas — medicine diazepam · Benzodiazepine
Venlor (venlafaxine) Clinical atlas — medicine venlafaxine · SNRI antidepressant
Vertigo Clinical atlas — condition R42 · Other
VET Student Loans Social Security Compass Income-contingent loan for approved vocational courses, not a Centrelink cash payment. Course list and loan caps are published by DEWR and indexed. Repayment is through the tax system.
Vitamin B12 deficiency Clinical atlas — condition E53.8 · Metabolic
Vitamin B12 injection Clinical atlas — medicine cyanocobalamin · Supplement
Vitamin D Clinical atlas — medicine cholecalciferol · Supplement
Viva Life Insurance Limited Life insurer Writer
Vodacom Life Assurance Company Limited Life insurer Writer
Voltaren (diclofenac) Clinical atlas — medicine diclofenac · NSAID

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Waiting period Language map · Glossary · Claim workflow · Policy scan Deferred or elimination period — continuous absence/incapacity before benefits start.
Waiting period Rejection ground Line up symptom onset, cover start, and first certificate against policy waiting-period wording.
Waiting period identified and continuity evidence planned Glossary Group income protection usually requires a defined waiting period before benefit starts. Readiness means you know the period in days, understand that continuity of incapacity must be proved for every day in it, and have planned aligned medical certificates, leave records, and payroll evidence.
War Veterans Grant Social Security Compass Grant for veterans of World War I, World War II or the Korean War who meet the means test.
Warfarin Clinical atlas — medicine warfarin · Anticoagulant
Was incapacity continuous through waiting period? Glossary Waiting-period satisfaction is often decided on continuity of incapacity, not just the first sick note. Gaps between medical certificates, return-to-work days, or employer records that show attendance can defeat cover even when symptoms continued. Evidence must cover every part of the waiting period.
Wellbutrin (bupropion) Clinical atlas — medicine bupropion · Atypical antidepressant
Westpac Life Life insurer Bank-distributed life and IP.
What are the material duties? Glossary Material duties are the substantive tasks that define whether you can perform your occupation — not every incidental admin task. Your doctor should explain which core duties are affected, why failure in those duties matters clinically, and whether partial performance is realistic or unsafe.
What evidence is missing? Glossary Rejections often cite missing evidence without a structured gap list. Separating what is missing by domain — medical, occupational, employer-controlled, salary-related, policy-related, or claim-file-related — turns a vague declinature into actionable requests.
What is the insurer's actual reason? Glossary Rejection letters often blend several grounds in narrative prose. Restating the insurer's actual reason as discrete issue cards — late submission, no disability, pre-existing, missing evidence, non-disclosure, exclusion, offset, admin defect — lets your doctor and adviser respond point by point.
What is the relevant occupation? Glossary Insurers assess incapacity against your insured occupation as actually performed: contract terms, job description, utilisation, client obligations, supervision duties, site travel, safety responsibilities, and sustained cognitive load. A narrow title-based assessment is a common reason own-occupation cover fails.
What medical events changed capacity? Glossary Insurers and doctors often talk past each other when the timeline is vague. A clear chronology links symptom onset, deterioration, treatment response, medication changes, hospital admissions, specialist findings, and prognosis to the dates you stopped performing material duties.
What would cure the issue? Glossary Every insurer issue should have a cure path — not just complaint. That may mean specific record requests, doctor questions tied to material duties, occupational evidence, corrected dates, challenging guide-vs-policy wording drift, or escalating for disclosure when files are withheld.
Which test applies now? Glossary Policies rarely use one disability standard for the whole claim. The Initial Period may test own occupation while the Extended Period switches to any occupation, partial capacity, or permanent thresholds. Your doctor should answer against the test that applies on the dates you were absent — not a generic 'can you work somewhere' question.
Whiplash injury Clinical atlas — condition S13.4 · Injury
Who controls the missing evidence? Glossary Not every gap is your fault to fix. Employer payroll, HR absence records, fund-admin policy schedules, and insurer claim files sit with third parties. Naming who controls each missing item supports fair record-access requests and challenges unfair 'claimant failed to prove' wording.
Work impact Claim workflow Material duties start to fail — often the true Date of Absence.
WorkCover (state workers’ compensation) Social Security Compass State statutory compensation for work injury and occupational disease. Each jurisdiction has its own scheme, rates and dispute path. Not a Centrelink payment.
Workerslife Assurance Company Limited Life insurer Writer

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Xanor (alprazolam) Clinical atlas — medicine alprazolam · Benzodiazepine
Xarelto (rivaroxaban) Clinical atlas — medicine rivaroxaban · Anticoagulant

Y

Youth Allowance Social Security Compass Income support for young people studying, training, or looking for work. Rate depends on age, whether you are independent, and whether you live at home.

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Zoloft (sertraline) Clinical atlas — medicine sertraline · SSRI antidepressant
Zurich Australia Life insurer Retail and group life, IP, and TPD.